Aantekeningen bij de Bijbel: Woordstudie H00006: אָבַד

Concordantie

H6_ אָבַד

omkomen, verdwijnen, verloren gaan, vergaan

Taal: Hebreeuws

Statistieken

Komt 185x voor in 25 Bijbelboeken.

Zie hier voor een verklaring van de gebruikte coderingen.

Woordstudie

Voorkomend in de LXX als: λυπη^G3077 "pijn, verdriet, smart, treurige toestand";

1) omkomen, verdwijnen, verloren gaan, vergaan
    1a) (Qal)
        1a1) omkomen, sterven, worden uitgeroeid
        1a2) omkomen, verdwijnen (fig.)
        1a3) verloren gaan
    1b) (Piel)
        1b1) vernielen, doden, doen omkomen, opgeven
             (als verloren), uitroeien
        1b2) uitwissen, doen verdwijnen (fig.)
        1b3) verloren doen gaan
    1c) (Hiphil)
        1c1) vernielen, ter dood brengen
        1c1a) wordt gezegd van goddelijk oordeel
        1c2) bijnaam van koningen (fig.)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Abridged Hebrew Lexicon

אָבַד vb. perish (M I אבד, As. abâtu Dl W 184 Aram אֲבַד, Syriac Qal Pf. א׳ Nu 21:30 +; אָבְדוּ Ps 10:16 + (+ Ez 6:3 𝔊 Co) etc.; Impf. יֹאבַד Jb 3:3 Je 4:9; יֹאבֵ֑ד Jb 20:7 + 2t.; 3fs. תֹּאבַד Dt 22:3 + 4t.; תֹּאבֵ֑ד Jb 8:13 + 3t.; יֹאבְדוּ Ju 5:31 + 3t.; יֹאבֵ֑דוּ Jb 4:9 +; 3fpl. וַתֹּאבַדְנָה֙ I S 9:3; תֹּאבֵדוּן Dt 4:26 +; נֹאבֵ֑ד Jon 1:6, 3:9; נֹאבְדָה Jon 1:14 etc.; Inf. abs. אָבֹד Dt 4:26 + 2t.; cstr. אֲבֹד Dt 7:10 Pr 11:10; אֲבָדְךָ Dt 28:20; אָבְדֶ֑ךָ Dt 28:22; אֲבָדְכֶם Jos 23:13; אָבְדָם Ob 12 Pr 28:28; Pt. אֹבֵד Dt 26:5 + 7t.; cstr. אֹבַד Dt 32:28 (bef. ע 1 perish, die, of individuals (mostly late) Nu 17:27 (∥ גוע & (v. 28) מות), (also Dt 26:5? cf. infr.) Jon 1:6, 14 Jb 31:19 cf. 29:13 Pr 31:6 Est 4:14, 16, 16 Mi 4:9 Je 40:15 cf. Is 57:1 Pr 11:10 28:28 Ec 7:15 Ps 119:92; emphasis on morality Jb 4:20 Ps 146:4 Ec 9:6; Saul & Jonath., under fig. of weapons 2 S 1:27; lion Jb 4:11; caravan Jb 6:18 (cf. Di); cf. אָ׳ חָסִיד מִן־הָאָרֶץ Mi 7:2, וְאָ׳ מֶלֶךְ מֵֽעַזָּה Zc 9:5; perish, be exterminated (judgment for sin), of Israel Lv 26:38 Dt 8:19, 19, 20 28:20, 22 30:18, 18 Je 27:10, 15 cf. 6:21, Ob 12 cf. Ps 80:17 Is 27:13; other nations Dt 7:20 Je 10:15 51:18 Ps 2:12 10:16 83:18 cf. 9:4 Am 1:8 Is 41:11 60:12 cf. Jon 3:9 v. also Ex 10:7 Nu 21:29, 30 (JE) Je 48:46; house of Ahab 2 K 9:8; wicked in general Ju 5:31 Jb 4:9 cf. v 7, Ps 37:20 49:11 68:3 (∥ sim. of melting wax), 73:27 92:10; also Pr 19:9 21:28; לָנֶצַח א׳ Jb 20:7; cf. דֶרֶךְ רְשָׁעִים א׳ Ps 1:6; sq. מֵעַל הָאָ֑רֶץ (of annihilation of Isr.) Dt 4:26, 26 11:17 Jos 23:13, 16 (D); sq. מִתּוֹךְ הַקָּהָל (of Korah’s company) Nu 16:33 (JE); perish, be ruined, destroyed, of inanimate things, e.g. land Je 9:11 (∥ נִצְּתָה כַמִּדְבָּר) cf. 48:8; harvest Jo 1:11; Jonah’s gourd Jon 4:10; riches Je 48:36 Ec 5:13; vessel Ps 31:13; houses Am 3:15 (so oft. As. Dl W); city Ez 26:17 (but del. 𝔊 Co); cf. bamôth Ez 6:3 𝔊 Co; heavens & earth Ps 102:27. 2 fig. perish, vanish, subj. memory Jb 18:17 Ps 9:7; name Ps 41:6 (i.e. be forgotten); vigour Jb 30:2; wisdom Is 29:14; cf. אֹבַד עֵצוֹת Dt 32:28; אֱמוּנָה Je 7:28 (∥ נִכְרְתָה); חָזוֹן Ez 12:22; יוֹם Jb 3:3 (i.e. blotted out); לֵב Je 4:9 (i.e. courage fail); תִּקְוָת Ps 9:19 Pr 10:28 11:7 Ez 19:5 37:11 Jb 8:13; so תַּאֲוַת Ps 112:10 (i.e. come to naught); תּוֹחֶלֶת Pr 11:7, sq. מִן + agent La 3:18; תּוֹרָה + עֵצָה sq. מן + persons negligent Je 18:18 Ez 7:26, cf. Je 49:7; esp. א׳ מָנוֹס מִן־ (i.e. they could not escape) Am 2:14 Je 25:35 Jb 11:20 Ps 142:5. 3 be lost, strayed, asses I S 9:3, 20; sheep Je 50:6 Ez 34:4, 16 Ps 119:176 (fig. of erring men); perh. Dt 26:5. Pi. caus. of Qal.—Pf. אִבַּד 2 K 21:3 + 2 t.; sf. וָֽאַבֶּדְךָ Co Ez 28:16 cf. infr.; אִבַּדְתִּי Je 15:7; וְאִבַּדְתִּ֫י Ez 6:3 (𝔊 Co וְאָֽבְדוּ) etc.; Impf. יְאַבֵּד Ec 9:18; וִֽיאַבֵּד Ec 7:7 Zp 2:13; 1 s. sf. וָאַבֶּדְךָ Ez 28:16 (for וָאֲאַבּ׳ Ew § 72 a Ol § 79 a Kö I 338 Ges § 68 nn; but Co 3 ms.; v. also Co 38 14); תְּאַבְּדוּן Dt 12:2 etc.; Inf. abs. אַבֵּד Dt 12:2 + 3 t.; cstr. id. Ez 22:27 + etc.; Pt. מְאַבְּדִים Je 23:1 1 cause to perish, destroy, kill, obj. pers. (mostly late) 2 K 11:1 Est 3:9 4:7 8:5 9:24; ∥ הרג 9:6, 12; ∥ הַשְׁמִיד + הרג 3:13 7:4 8:11; ∥ המם Est 9:24; cf. Ps 119:95; obj. נְפָשׁוֹת Ez 22:27 (del. 𝔊 Co); in judgment, subj. י׳ Ps 5:7; cf. Pr 1:32; sq. מִתּוֹךְ Ez 28:16; obj. a people 2 K 13:7 2 K 19:18 = Is 37:19; Jb 12:23; in judgment Dt 11:4 Je 12:17 15:7 Zp 2:13 Ps 9:6 cf. 21:11; obj. inanimate things esp. idols, bamôth etc., Nu 33:52, 52 (J) Dt 12:2, 2 2 K 21:3 Ez 6:3 (but cf. 𝔊 Co supr.); bars of Zion La 2:9 (∥ שִׁבַּר). 2 fig. cause to vanish, blot out, do away with names of idols Dt 12:3; voice of Babylon Je 51:55; memory of dead Is 26:14; substance Pr 29:3; understanding Ec 7:7; good (טוֹבָה q.v.) Ec 9:18. 3 cause to stray, lose; obj. Isr. under fig. of flock Je 23:1 (∥ הֵפִיץ); abs. Ec 3:6 (∥ בַקֵּשׁ). Hiph. Pf. וְהֶֽאֱבִיד Nu 24:19; הֶאֱבַ֑דְתָּ Jb 14:19 etc.; Impf. אֹבִידָה Je 46:8 (Ges § 68, 2 R.1). Inf. cstr. הַאֲבִיד 2 K 10:19 + etc.; Pt. מַאֲבִיד Dt 8:20 1 destroy, put to death, in judgment, (subj. י׳) obj. pers. Lv 23:30 (sq. מִקֶּרֶב עַמָּהּ; ∥ כָּרַת v 29); Je 49:38 (sq. מִשָּׁם); Ob 8 (sq. מֵֽאֱדוֹם); obj. nation, Ammon Ez 25:7 (sq. מן־הארצות; ∥ כָּרַת), cf. v 16; Canaanites Dt 8:20 (sq. מִפְּנֵיכֶם); Canaan = Philistines Zp 2:5 (∥ כָּרַת); esp. Isr. Dt 28:51, 63 (∥ הַשְׁמִיד), cf. Js 7:7; also abs. Je 18:7 (∥ לִנְתוֹשׁ וְלִנְתוֹץ); = 1:10 (+ וְלַהֲרוֹס) = 31:28 (+ וּלְהָרֵעַ); animals Ez 32:13 (sq. מֵעַל מַיִם רַבִּים); cf. Dt 7:10; Ps 143:12 (∥ תַּצְמִית); (human subj.), obj. servants of Baal 2 K 10:19, obj. nation Dt 9:3, cf. Nu 24:19 (E; sq. מֵעִֽיר); 2 K 24:2; cf. Je 46:8; obj. inanimate, chariots Mi 5:9; idols Ez 30:13 (del. BCo). 2 fig., obj. name of kings Dt 7:24 (sq. מִתַּחַת הַשָּׁמָיִם); hope Jb 14:19; voice of mirth etc. Je 25:10 (cf. 51:55 Pi. supr.)

Strong Concise Dictionary Of The Words In The Hebrew Bible

^H6 אָבַד ʼâbad; a primitive root; properly, to wander away, i.e. lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy) — break, destroy(-uction), not escape, fail, lose, (cause to, make) perish, spend, × and surely, take, be undone, × utterly, be void of, have no way to flee.

Synoniemen en afgeleide woorden

Aramees אֲבַד ^H7 "omkomen, verdoen, vergaan, ter dood brengen, vernietigen, ombrengen"; Hebreeuws אֹבֵד ^H8 "vernieling, ten onder gaan, ondergang, ten verderve"; Hebreeuws אֲבֵדָה ^H9 "verloren, iets dat verloren was, het verlorene, het verlorene, al het verlorene, welk verloren voorw"; Hebreeuws אֲבַדּוֹן ^H11 "verderf, ruine, Abaddon"; Hebreeuws אַבְדָן ^H12 "verderf, ondergang"; Hebreeuws אׇבְדַן ^H13 "verderf, ondergang"; Hebreeuws נָשָׂא ^H5375 "(bare, carry, bare, take, etc...) up, lift, bear";

Literatuur

Peter D.H. Broers, Woordenboek van het Bijbels Hebreeuws, , [2007], ,
H.W.F. Gesenius, Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament, , [1979], 3 (§ 6), אָבַד , fut. יאֹבַד (at the end of a clause) יאֹבֵד —(1) part. TO BE LOST , TO LOSE ONESELF , TO WANDER , fich verlieren, fich verloren haben , especially used of a lost and wandering sheep (Arabic أَبَدَ to flee away in the desert, as a wild beast, and there to disappear as it were, fich in der Wüfte verlieren ). אֹבֵד שֶׂה “a lost and wandering sheep,” Ps. 119:176 ; comp. Jer. 50:6 ; Eze. 34:4 , 16 . Used of men, Isa. 27:13 , הָאֹבְדִים בְּאֶרֶץ אַשּׁוּר “those who wander in the land of Assyria” (are there exiled); Deut. 26:5 , אֲרַמִּי אֹבֵד “a wandering Syrian;” it is also used of things, such as rivers which disappear in the desert, Job 6:18 ; and metaph. of wisdom failing, Isa. 29:14 . Hence—
(2) to perish, to be destroyed (Syr. Sam. id. In Arabic, in this sense, the kindred بَادَ is used); used of men and other living creatures as perishing, Ps. 37:20 ; Job 4:11 ; sometimes with the addition of the words מֵעַל הָאָרֶץ ^,Deut. 4:26 ; 11:17 ; Josh. 23:13 , 16 ; also used of a land and houses which are laid waste, Jer. 9:11 ; Am. 3:15 ; metaph. of hope, wish, desires which are frustrated, Ps. 9:19 ; 112:10 ; Pro. 10:28 ; 11:7 ; Ezek, 12:22 . Const. followed by לְ of pers., 1 Sam. 9:3 , 20 ; also followed by מִן ^,Deut. 22:3 ; Job 11:20 , מָנוֹס אָבַד מִנְּהֶם “refuge perished from them;” Jer. 25:35 ; Ps. 142:5 ; Ezek. 7:26 , תּוֹרָה תּאֹבַד מִכֹּהֵן זְעֵצָה מִזְּקֵנִים “the law shall perish from the priest, and counsel from the old men;” compare Jer. 18:18 ; 49:7 ; hence, Deuteron. 32:28 , גּוֹי אֹבַד עֵצוֹת “a nation whose counsel has perished,” Vulg. consilii expers; Jer. 4: 9, יאֹבַד לֵב הַמֶּלֶךְ “the heart of the king shall perish” (for fear and terror); Job 8:13 , וְתִקְוַת חָנֵף תּאֹבֵד “and (so) shall perish the hope of the wicked,” Psalm 9:19 ; 112:10 ; Pro. 10:28 .
(3) to be ready to perish, to be wretched, unfortunate . Part. אֹבֵד wretched, Job 29:13 ; 31:19 ; Pro. 31:6 .
P IEL אִבַּד ^—(1)to lose, to reckon as lost, give up as lost ( verloren geben ), Ecc. 3:6 .
(2) to cause to wander, to disperse (a flock), Jer. 23:1 .
(3) to cause to perish, to destroy; Ecc. 7: 7, יְאַבֵּד אֶת־לֵב מַתָּנָה ^{“a gift}(bribe) destroys (i.e. corrupts) the heart.” Followed by מִן ^,to extirpate from anything, Jer. 51:55 . Specially—( a ) to lay waste , used of inanimate things, 2 K. 19:18 ; Num.
33:52 ; Deu. 12:2 , אִבַּד הוֹן “to squander one’s means of support” (substance); Pro. 29:3 .—( b ) of men, to kill, to slay, to extirpate , Est. 3:9 , 13 ; 2 K. 11:1 ; 13:7 .

H IPHIL הֶאֱבִיד , i.q. Pi. to destroy, to cut off , as men and nations, Deu. 7:10 ; 8:20 ; sometimes with addition of the words מִקֶּרֶב הָעָם Lev. 23:3 0; הַשָּׁמַיִם מִתַּחַת ^,Deu. 7:24 ; also, to lay a land waste, Zeph. 2:5 ; to take away hope, Job 14:19 . Very rarely א in 1 fut. quiesces, אֹבִידָה ^forאאֹבִידָה ^,Jer. 46:8 . The derivatives all immediately follow [ אֹבֵד ^—אָבְדָן ^].

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